Cov yam ntxwv ntawm monocrystalline silicon solar cells:
1. Kev hloov siab ntawm photovoltaic photography thiab kev ntseeg siab;
2. Advanced diffusion technology los ua kom muaj kev sib luag ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv hloov thoob plaws hauv movie;
3. Siv cov yeeb yaj kiab PECVD thaij tshuab, lub nplaim ntawm roj teeb yog coated nrog xiav tsaus nti silicon nitride anti-reflection zaj duab xis, thiab xim yog yam tsis zoo thiab zoo nkauj;
4. Siv cov khoom siv hlau zoo coj los ua daim teb rov qab thiab electrode kom paub tseeb tias kev coj ua zoo.
Polycrystalline silicon yuav siv tau ua ib qho khoom siv rau kev kos duab ib qho siv lead ua silicon, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm polycrystalline silicon thiab ib qho siv lead ua silicon yog mas pom hauv cov khoom hauv lub cev. Piv txwv, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm anisotropy ntawm mechanical zog, optical thaj chaw, thiab thermal thaj, nws yog tsawg dua cov lus tshaj li monocrystalline silicon; nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hluav taws xob khoom, polycrystalline silicon muaju yog ntau conductive ntau tshaj li monocrystalline silicon, thiab txawm muaj me ntsis conductivity. Hais txog kev ua tshuaj lom neeg, qhov txawv yog tsawg. Polycrystalline silicon thiab crystal silicon yog ib qho sib txawv, tiam sis qhov tseeb tiag yuav tsum raug txiav txim los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas lub dav hlau txoj kev xaav, cov qauv siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv ntawm cov crystal, uas yog luv luv thiab muaj kev txhim kho sab nrauv. Vim li no, ntau tus neeg hais tias leej twg masters polysilicon thiab microelectronics technology yuav tswj tau lub ntiaj teb.
Monocrystalline silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon tseem ua si lub luag hauj lwm loj hauv cov hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob. Txawm hais tias tam sim no, los ua lub hnub ci fais fab muaj ib lub lag luam loj thiab tau txais los ntawm coob tus neeg tau txais kev pab, nws tsim nyog los txhim kho cov kev yees duab ntawm lub hnub ci thiab cov nqi qis dua. Los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob tam sim no thoob ntiaj teb lub qoob loo, nws pom tau tias qhov kev tsim kho yog monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, ribbon silicon, thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyias nyias (nrog rau microcrystalline silicon films, compound-based films thiab roj films).
Los ntawm cov kev xam pom ntawm industrialization, qhov ua kom pom tseeb yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim ntawm cov iav ci rau polysilicon thiab nyias zaj duab xis. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog:
A. Muaj tsawg dua thiab tsawg dua lub taub hau thiab cov khoom tail muaj rau cov kab mob qoob loo hnub;
B. Rau cov hnub ci qis, cov square substrate yog qhov zoo tshaj tus nqi, thiab lub silicon polycrystalline tau los ntawm txoj kev casting thiab cov ncaj qha txoj kev siv tau ncaj qha tau cov khoom siv square;
C. Txoj kev lag luam ntau ntawm polycrystalline silicon yog kev nce zuj zus. Lub siab tuaj casting rau hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim ntau tshaj 20 kg ntawm silicon ingot ib lub voj voog ntau lawm (50 xuab moos), thiab qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua ncav cuag centimeter qib siab;
D. Vim txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho tus txheej txheem them nqi hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, cov txheej txheem kuj tau raug siv rau qhov tsim muaj roj thawv rau polycrystalline silicon, xws li xaiv cov kev sib tsoo ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, qhov chaw qaum, bulk passivate, nplua hlau grids. Electrode, siv cov vijtsam tshuab luam ntawv kom txo qhov dav ntawm lub rooj vag electrode mus rau 50 microns, qhov siab ntawm ntau dua 15 microns, sai thermal kev siv tshuab uas siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv rau lub cev kom ua haujlwm, lub sijhawm ib leeg thermal txheej txheem yuav tsis pub dhau ib feeb Thaum ua tiav, qhov kev hloov ntawm tes ua tiav ntawm 100 square centimeter polycrystalline silicon wafer siv txoj haujlwm no ntau tshaj 14%. Raws li cov lus qhia, tam sim no efficiency ntawm lub hlwb tau tsim rau 50-60 micron polycrystalline silicon substrates tshaj 16%. Kev siv tshuab xam phaj thiab tshuab luam ntawv, qhov ua tau zoo tshaj 17% ntawm 100 square centimeters ntawm polycrystals, thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog yog 16% ntawm tib cheeb tsam. Lub qhov rooj faus ntawm qhov faus no yog siv, thiab qhov sib xyaw qhov cub yog nyob ntawm 130 square centimeter polycrystal. Cov roj teeb ua tau li 15.8%.
(1) Monocrystalline silicon solar cells
Tam sim no, photoelectric conversion efficiency ntawm monocrystalline silicon solar cells yog kwv yees li 17%, thiab qhov siab tshaj yog 24%. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws photoelectric conversion efficiency ntawm txhua yam ntawm lub hnub ci qis, tab sis yog tus nqi ntau heev ces nws loj tuaj yeem tsis siv dav. Thiab feem ntau siv. Vim monocrystalline silicon feem ntau yog ntim rau hauv cov xim iav thiab dej tsis thooj, nws yog kav ntev thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm txog 25 xyoo.
(2) Polycrystalline silicon solar cells
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm polycrystalline silicon solar hlwb yog zoo li cov monocrystalline silicon hlwb, tab sis qhov kev hloov tshiab ntawm photycycstalline silicon polycrystalline silicon ntau dua, thiab kev yees duab ntawm qhov muag photoelectric yog li 15%. Hais txog cov nqi ntau lawm, nws yog pheej yig tshaj li lub nruab hnub hauv lub nruab hnub hauv lub nruab hnub, cov khoom siv yog yooj yim los tsim, qhov chaw ntawm txuag yog zoo, thiab tag nrho cov nqi yog tsawg, yog li nws tau raug tsim loj heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub neej txoj sia ntawm polycrystalline silicon solar hlwb kuj zoo dua li ntawm monocrystalline silicon hnub ci zog. Lub roj teeb yog luv luv. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev kawm thiab tus nqi piv, monocrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb yog me ntsis zoo dua.
(3) Non-monocrystalline silicon solar cells (nyias zaj duab xis hom hnub ci hnub)
Non-monocrystalline silicon solar cells yog tshiab tshiab zaj duab xis hnub ci hlwb uas tshwm nyob rau hauv 1976. Lawv yog cov sib txawv ntawm tib qho siv lead ua silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb. Cov txheej txheem yog yooj yim heev, cov khoom siv silicon yog me me, thiab lub zog noj qis dua. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua yog tias nws tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob hauv cov teeb meem uas tsis tshua pom kev. Txawm li ntawd los, qhov teeb meem loj ntawm amorphous silicon hnub ci hlwb yog tias qhov kev hloov tshiab photoelectric yog tsawg. Tam sim no, qib siab thoob ntiaj teb zoo li 10%, thiab nws tsis ruaj khov txaus. Raws li lub sij hawm dhau los, qhov kev hloov dua siab tshiab yog qhov ua tau zoo.