GaAs cov khoom siv
1. Kev kawm txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm semiconductor cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug siv mus rau pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Qhov ntxov tshaj qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas kawm los ntawm Thiel et al. nyob rau hauv xyoo 1910. Thaum xyoo 1952, German tus kws tshawb fawb Welker thawj kawm txog III-V compounds raws li ib tsev neeg tshiab semiconductor thiab taw tes tias lawv muaj cov khoom superior tsis khoom los ntawm elemental semiconductor khoom xws li Ge thiab Si. Tshaj tsib caug xyoo dhau los, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv compound semiconductor tau ua kom tau zoo, thiab nws kuj tau siv rau hauv cov tswv yim ntawm microelectronics thiab optoelectronics.
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) cov ntaub ntawv yog tam sim no ntau tshaj, dav siv, thiab yog li ntawd qhov tseem ceeb compound semiconductor khoom, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm semiconductor tom qab silicon. Vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov qauv band, GaAs cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm zoo nyob hauv microwave cov cuab yeej thiab lub teeb-emitting li. Tam sim no, cov khoom siv roj ntsha muaj ntau tshaj li ntawm gallium arsenide tseem nyob rau ntawm cov tuam txhab tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb xws li Nyiv, Lub Tebchaws thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Muab piv nrog cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws, domestic enterprises tseem muaj qhov sib txawv loj nyob rau hauv kev siv technology ntawm cov tshuaj gallium arsenide.
2. Cov khoom thiab kev siv cov khoom siv gallium arsenide
Gallium arsenide yog ib qho kev ncaj hloov hloov hom zog zog qauv. Tus nqi qis tshaj ntawm tus qhev thiab qhov nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov qhabnias kev ntaus nqi yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Brillouin tsam, uas yog, k = 0, uas ua rau nws muaj kev hloov siab electro-optical conversion. Ib qho khoom zoo heev rau kev npaj photovoltaic li.
Ntawm 300K, qhov txwv ntawm qhov txwv ntawm cov khoom GaAs yog 1.42V, uas yog ntau dua 0.67V ntawm germanium thiab 1.12V ntawm silicon. Vim li no, gallium arsenide cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm yuav ua rau sov dua thiab muaj zog loj zog.
Muab cov ntaub ntawv sau cuaj hlis ua ke nrog cov khoom siv roj silicon semiconductor, gallium arsenide (GaAs) muaj cov tshuab hluav taws xob, kev txwv loj rau cov dav hlau, kev sib txuas ncaj ncaj, thiab cov hluav taws xob tsawg yog 5.7 npaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv silicon. Yog li ntawd, nws yog siv los ua cov khoom siv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib txuas lus wireless. Cov high-speed, high-speed, hluav taws xob ua pov thawj high-kub li uas ua tau siv feem ntau yog siv hauv kev sib tham ntawm kev sib txuas lus, kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau, kev sib txuas lus kev sib txig, kev tshaj tawm hauv GPS, thiab lwm yam zoo li. Ntxiv rau daim ntawv thov cov khoom IC, cov ntaub ntawv GaAs tuaj yeem raug ntxiv rau lwm lub ntsiab los hloov lawv cov qauv siv los ua qhov teebmeem photoelectric, ua cov cim hluav taws xob zoo li lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab ua cov roj ntsha arsenide hnub ci.