Raws li lub ntiaj teb no kev siv zog ua ntau dua, lub hnub ci zog hu ua tshiab lub zog kev loj hlob, thiab peb siv ntau lub hnub ci hauv peb lub neej. Lub hnub ci cell yog raws li cov ntaub ntawv semiconductor. Tom qab qhov teebmeem ntawm cov duab photoelectric absorbs lub teeb zog thiab photoelectric conversion tshwm sim, thiaj li hais tias nws generates tam sim no, dab tsi yog ua hauj lwm txoj cai ntawm lub hnub ci cell? Ib lub hnub ci ntawm tes yog ib lub tshuab uas ncaj qha mus hloov lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov teebmeem photoelectric los yog cov teebmeem yees duab. Thaum lub hnub ci tuaj rau ntawm lub semiconductor, qee yam ntawm nws yog reflected tawm nto thiab tus so yog absorbed los yog kis los ntawm semiconductor. Ib txhia ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab, ntawm chav kawm, ua cua sov, thiab lwm cov photons sib txuam nrog cov khoom siv electronically uas ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yog li tsim hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, lub teeb lub zog yog hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm electron-qhov pairs.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub cev lub hnub ci
Thaum cov tshav ntuj ci ntsa iab pn, electrons nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob vim lub zog ntawm lub teeb zog, qhov sib txuas ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog tsim tawm, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, cov electrons raug tsav mus rau thaj tsam qauv. Cov laj kab uas tau tsav mus rau cheeb tsam P-thaj, yog li muaj ntau cov electrons hauv cheeb tsam, thiab P cheeb tsam muaj qhov tshaj qhov. Yog li, lub yees duab-generated hluav taws xob rov qab rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ua teb yog tsim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm pn hlawv.
Yog hais tias muaj pn hlo hauv lub semiconductor, ib qho thaiv lub tebchaw yog tsim ntawm ob sab ntawm hom p-hom thiab n-hom, uas tuaj yeem tsav cov electrons mus rau thaj chaw N thiab qhov chaw mus rau thaj av P, kom muaj ntau tshaj electrons hauv cheeb tsam N, thiab muaj tshaj P cheeb tsam. Lub qhov ua rau lub qhov hluav taws xob ua kom pom ntawm lub teeb ntawm lub teeb rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub teeb meem ntawm PN qhov chaw.
Muaj ntau tshaj ib lub voj voog semiconductor rau kev tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci, thiab yog li muaj ntau ntau hom qoob loo hnub ci. Tam sim no, feem ntau cov khoom lag luam thiab khoom lag luam muag hnub nyoog zoo tshaj plaws yog cov kabmob kua qab hnub ci. Hauv qab no, peb siv cov tshuaj qia hluav taws xob ua ke los ua ib qho piv txwv los ua kom paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci hauv lub hlwb.