Hnub ci hluav taws xob tshuab hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm vaj huam sib luag hnub ci, kev tswj hwm, kev hloov pauv thiab roj teeb; hnub ci DC hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tsis suav nrog inverters. Txhawm rau kom muaj lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tsim kom muaj lub zog txaus rau lub nra, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau xaiv ntau yam khoom siv kom tsim nyog raws li lub zog ntawm cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob. Kev tsim qauv ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob yuav tsum xav txog cov hauv qab no:
Nqe Lus Nug 1. Hnub ci tshuab hluav taws xob tsim nyob qhov twg? Dab tsi yog hluav taws xob hnub ci nyob hauv thaj chaw?
Q2. Dab tsi yog load load zog ntawm lub system?
Q3. Dab tsi yog qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ntawm lub system, DC lossis AC?
Q4. Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm pes tsawg teev ua haujlwm xav tau kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub?
Q5. Yog tias lub caij los nag tsis muaj hnub ci, muaj pes tsawg hnub ua lub kaw lus xav tau lub zog txuas ntxiv?
Cia' s coj (thauj khoom) 100W tso zis hluav taws xob thiab siv nws rau 6 teev nyob rau ib hnub ua piv txwv los qhia cov kev xam:
1. Ua ntej, xam tus naj npawb ntawm watt siv nyob rau ib hnub (suav txog qhov poob ntawm lub inverter):
Yog tias qhov hloov pauv ua haujlwm ntawm lub inverter yog 90%, thaum tso zis hluav taws xob yog 100W, qhov yuav tsum tawm lub zog hluav taws xob yuav tsum yog 100W / 90%=111W; yog tias nws siv rau 6 teev hauv ib hnub, kev siv hluav taws xob ntau yog 111W * 6 teev=666Wh, lossis 0.666 kilowatt-teev ntawm hluav taws xob.
2. Xam xyuas cov khoom siv hnub ci:
Txheeb raws li lub hnub zoo hnub ntawm lub sijhawm 5 teev, thiab suav mus rau qhov kev pabcuam them nqi thiab poob thaum lub sijhawm them, cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob yuav tsum yog 666Wh ÷ 5h ÷ 70%=190W. Ntawm lawv, 70% yog lub zog tiag tiag uas siv los ntawm lub hnub ci ci thaum them cov txheej txheem.
3.
Kev tsim hluav taws xob txhua hnub ntawm 180 watt modules
180 × 0.7 × 5=567WH=0.63 degrees
1MW kev tsim hluav taws xob txhua hnub=1000000 × 0.7 × 5=3500,000=3500 degrees
Piv txwv 2: Txhim kho 10w teeb, teeb pom kev zoo rau 6 teev nyob rau ib hnub, 3 hnub los nag sib law liag, yuav ua li cas los xam lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag wp? thiab 12V roj teeb ah?
Kev siv hluav taws xob txhua hnub: 10W X 6H=60WH,
Xam xyuas cov hnub ci ci:
Cia li kwv yees tias qhov nruab nrab lub hnub ci nruab nrab siab tshaj teev ntawm koj lub chaw teeb tsa yog 4 teev.
Tom qab ntawd: 60WH / 4 teev,=15WP lub hnub ci ci.
Tom qab ntawd xam lub txim thiab tawm poob, thiab niaj hnub ntxiv ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag:
15WP / 0.6=25WP,
Ntawd yog, 25W hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog txaus.
Tom qab ntawv suav lub roj teeb.
60WH / 12V=5AH.
Siv hluav taws xob 12V5AH txhua hnub.
Peb hnub yog 12V15AH.
Lub roj teeb teeb tsa yuav tsum tau tsim tshwj xeeb xws li kev siv hluav taws xob txhua hnub tsis pub tshaj 20%, lossis lub zog siv hluav taws xob tsis tshaj 50% thaum lub caij los nag. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav lub sijhawm siv roj teeb kom ntev tshaj plaws.
Ua li no peb suav tias lub roj teeb ntawm lub zog no txaus rau 26AH-30AH.
Piv txwv 3: Muaj pes tsawg lub hnub ci hluav taws xob hnub ci xav ua kom tau lub roj teeb 12V45A ua 6 teev?
Lub roj teeb 12V45A yog 648 watt-teev (?) Yog tias nws tau them tag nrho nyob rau hauv 6 teev, lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsuas yog xav tau 108 watts, tab sis lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tiag tiag cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam xws li lub hnub ci siv, qhov kub thiab tag nrho cov kev siv zog ntawm lub photovoltaic maub los. Kev ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm lub roj yog suav los ntawm 0.8. Koj yuav tsum xaiv 135-watt hnub ci cell module. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov zoo tshaj plaws them tam sim no ntawm ib qho txhuas-acid roj teeb yog 1/10 ntawm lub roj teeb muaj peev xwm tam sim no, uas yog 4.5A. Ntau lub sijhawm them tam sim no yuav ua kom lub roj teeb ntim ceev. Sulfuration cuam tshuam roj teeb lub neej.
Qhov yooj yim xam cov qauv:
Roj teeb: 12V × 45A=540WH
Vaj huam sib luag rau lub hnub ci zog=540/6 / 0.8 (poob)=112.5W
Piv txwv 4: Nws siv sijhawm ntau npaum li cas rau ob 20-watt (36 pieces) hnub ci vaj huam sib luag kom them 12-volt 17-amp roj teeb? Nws siv pes tsawg teev los them lub roj teeb 12v4AH nrog ob lub hnub ci hluav taws xob?
Ua hauj lwm voltage ntawm 1.20W hnub ci kab hluav taws xob feem ntau yog 17.2V, thiab tam sim no yog 1.15A. Yog tias lub rooj tsavxwm muaj qhov zoo, qhov ntsuas tam sim no feem ntau 1.1A (Kuv kuaj nws).
2. Xam tias 6 teev ntawm lub teeb koj tau hais yog lub sijhawm txij tav su txog rau yav tav su, tom qab ntawd 4 teev ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tag nrho tuaj yeem raug suav, uas txhais tau tias 2 20W cov laug cam tuaj yeem tsim tau 2 * 1.1 * 4=8.8A ib hnub
3. Ua li no, 17AH roj teeb tuaj yeem them tag nrho hauv 2 hnub; 4AH roj teeb yuav luag zoo ib yam nyob hauv 2 teev.
Los yog tag nrho w ntawm hnub ci ci yog 20+5 = 25W
Tus naj npawb tag nrho ntawm w ntawm lub roj teeb yog 12v * 17A=204w
Lub sijhawm puv yog 204/25=8 teev
4A roj teeb:
4A *12=48w
48w / 25w=1.92 teev
Los yog vim tias qhov kev txheeb ze ntawm kev sib raug tsis zoo ntawm lub hnub ci tsis txaus thiab lub roj teeb muaj peev xwm, kev suav tseeb yog qhov tsis tsim nyog thiab muaj teeb meem. Kwv yees,
Hnub ci cell tam sim no: 20/12=1.7A
Lub sijhawm them nyiaj 1: 17 / 1.7 * 1.5 them tas mus li=15 teev,
Them lub sijhawm 2: 4 / 1.7 * 1.5 them tas mus li=3.5 teev,
Qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem them ob lub roj teeb thiab ob lub hnub ci hluav taws xob hauv ib txhij, qhov zoo ib yam.
Lub sijhawm them nyiaj 3: (17AH+4AH) / (1.7 * 2 block) * 1.5 them tas mus li = 9 teev,
Yog tias lub hnub ci hauv koj qhov chaw ua tau zoo, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev li ob hnub.
Tsis muaj dab tsi los them rau thaum them lub sijhawm. Yog tias koj muaj multimeter, ib txwm ntsuas qhov voltage ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm lub roj teeb thaum them nyiaj, thiab nws tsis dhau 14V. Nco ntsoov tsis pub tsawg dua 10.5V thaum tawm hauv tsev. Ob leeg them nqi thiab overdischarge cuam tshuam lub roj teeb lub neej.
Piv txwv 5 piv txwv tias 2 hnub los nag sib law liag, lub zog load yog 40W thiab lub sijhawm teeb pom kev zoo yog 8 teev nyob rau ib hnub. Yuav kom ua tiav lub sijhawm teeb pom kev saum toj no, muaj pes tsawg watt hnub ci hluav taws xob thiab muaj pes tsawg roj teeb watt uas xav tau?
Lub algorithm yooj yim yog plaub npaug.
Ntawd yog, lub zog load * 4 zaug, thiab 160W lub hnub ci hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj.
Yog koj xav paub kom meej dua, nws' s raws li hauv qab no:
Lub zog thauj khoom yog 40W.
40W * 8 teev / qab nthab *=320WH / 12V (roj teeb hluav taws xob) == 27AH.
Siv hluav taws xob 12V27AH txhua hnub,
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom lub roj teeb tsis pub dhau 30% ntawm lub peev txheej tawm txhua hnub. Yog li peb xav tau lub roj teeb uas tuaj yeem yooj yim yog 90AH12V. Hauv qhov no, peb tsuas tuaj yeem xaiv 100AH, vim tias 90AH roj teeb tsis yooj yim yuav, lub hnub ci hlwb. 40W * 8 Teev=320WH.
320WH tshem tawm 20% ntawm qhov poob hauv Circuit Court thiab cov txheej txheem txuag hluav taws xob, thiab qhov kev thov yuav luag txhua hnub yog 400WH.
Yog tias lub sijhawm 4 teev nyob rau ib hnub raws li lub sijhawm hnub ci ntsa iab, lub sijhawm xam yog li hauv qab no:
400WH / 4 teev=100W.
Piv txwv 6 Load 2 50w load tawm tswv yim voltage 24v 3 hnub los nag, ua haujlwm 8 teev nyob rau ib hnub
Thov kom yuav tsum muaj lub hnub ci kab hluav taws xob thiab suav roj teeb
1. Cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci 2 * 50W * 8H / 0.6 / 4H=340W (tag nrho cov hwj huam siv / kev siv qhov ua tau / lub sijhawm hnub ci hnub zoo)
2. Roj teeb 2 * 50/24 * 8 * (3+1) /0.7 = 200AH (tag nrho tam sim no * tus kheej tuav lub sijhawm / npoo qhov ua haujlwm)
(Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag zog=load zog * lub sijhawm ua haujlwm / poob 0.6 / nruab nrab lub teeb zoo)
(Cov roj teeb muaj peev xwm=thauj lub zog * lub sijhawm ua haujlwm * tsis tu ncua los nag huab cua / roj teeb voltage / them thiab paug coefficient)
Xam los ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov hnub ci ci
Kev tsim hluav taws xob txhua xyoo (EP)=PAS * HA * K * 365 (hnub)
PAS: hnub ci roj teeb hlua muaj peev xwm
HA: Hnub ci hluav taws xob tawg ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa thiab teeb tsa kab mob (kWh / m2 * hnub)
K: Tawm qauv tsim coefficient (0.65 ～ 0.8 ≒ 0.7 degree)
Xam los ntawm kev siv system
Kev tsim hluav taws xob txhua xyoo=kev tsim hluav taws xob ntawm lub hnub ci cell array template * kev siv hluav taws xob tus nqi * 8760 (teev)
Kev siv cov txheej txheem piv=0.1 ～ 0.15 ≒ 0.12 degree
Tag nrho cov xuaj moos hauv ib xyoos=24 (teev) * 365 (hnub)=8760 teev.
Kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci, uas tseem yuav dhau los ua kev zam thaum kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yog nrov hnub no. Peb tuaj yeem qhia qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau koj raws li kev siv hluav taws xob koj lub tsev siv, koj thaj chaw thiab lwm yam xov xwm.
Txawm hais tias lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab tsis muaj kuab paug, nws cov nqi tau zoo heev, yog li feem ntau pom zoo siv rau kev teeb pom kev zoo xwb.
Txog kwv yees kwv yees tus nqi kwv yees, koj tuaj yeem xam raws li cov qauv yooj yim hauv qab no los saib seb yuav npaj cov nplai ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tiam.
1. Xam cov kev siv fais fab txhua hnub, qhov nruab nrab ntawm tsev neeg siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 5 degrees txog 10 degrees nyob rau ib hnub. Koj tuaj yeem faib cov nqi hluav taws xob txhua hli los ntawm tus nqi ntsuas thiab tom qab ntawd suav cov hnub.
2. Koj tuaj yeem tsuas siv cov qauv 5000W (kwv yees 5 kilowatt-teev hluav taws xob rau ib hnub) / 5 teev (qhov nruab nrab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm lub teeb nyob rau ib hnub, sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam sib txawv) /0.7 (qhov tseeb ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob) /0.9 (ntau qhov poob )=1600W, Tom qab ntawd Ntxiv ib qho 5% npoo, nws yuav luag 1700W.
3. Tus lej saum toj no yog lub zog ntawm lub system. Txawm hais tias qhov nruab nrab ntawm tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm cov haujlwm tam sim no yog 60 yuan / W (suav nrog txhua cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev teeb tsa), ces tag nrho cov peev yog 1700X60=102,000, uas yog ntau tshaj 100,000. Tam sim no, tus nqi hluav taws xob hauv ntau qhov chaw yog suav ntawm 0.6 yuan, 102000 / 0.6=170,000 kWh, 5 kWh ib hnub, uas siv tau 90 xyoo.
4. Los ntawm cov ntsiab lus saum toj no, nws yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb rau tsev neeg nyob ib leeg kom vam khom hnub ci hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob. Cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws tab tom tsim kho tau zoo heev vim muaj kev pab los ntawm lub xeev. Peb kuj yuav tsum muaj kev pab nyiaj, thiab tus nqi yuav tsum raug txo kom ntau, kom lub hnub ci zog tuaj yeem nkag mus hauv cov tsev ntawm cov neeg tiag tiag.
Cov hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hnub ci, roj teeb, kev tswj hwm thiab kev hloov pauv. Thaum muaj lub hnub ci nruab hnub, koj tuaj yeem siv lub rooj tsav roj teeb nrog tus tswj kom them lub roj teeb, thiab siv lub roj teeb los txhawb lub tshuab hluav taws xob thaum hmo ntuj.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, nws pom zoo kom siv 80W roj teeb board, lub roj teeb 12V20AH (yuav khoom hauv zos), 12V5A tus tswj hwm thiab 300W inverter. Thaum them tag nrho, nws tuaj yeem siv rau plaub 20W lub teeb rau ntau tshaj 5 teev, uas yog txaus rau cov neeg feem coob. Yog tias nws tsis txaus, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ib lossis ntau daim phiaj.
Hom kab ke me no tsim nyog rau cov chaw siv hluav taws xob tsis txaus lossis thaj chaw tsis muaj zog, xws li thaj chaw hav zoov, chaw nyob toj roob, lossis kev ua haujlwm teb (beekeeping). Tus nqi them tsis loj, thiab nws yooj yim rau kev nqa. Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li qhov xav tau, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li kev siv hluav taws xob txhua hnub.